# Chapter 15. Order of Variables in Port Makefiles

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The first sections of the Makefile must always come in the same order. This standard makes it so everyone can easily read any port without having to search for variables in a random order.

| The sections and variables described here are mandatory in a ordinary port. In a slave port, many sections and variables can be skipped.

| Each following block must be separated from the previous block by a single blank line. In the following blocks, only set the variables that are required by the port. Define these variables in the order they are shown here.

## 15.1. `PORTNAME` Block

This block is the most important. It defines the port name, version, distribution file location, and category. The variables must be in this order:

- `PORTNAME`

- `PORTVERSION`[1]

- `DISTVERSIONPREFIX`

- `DISTVERSION`[1]

- `DISTVERSIONSUFFIX`

- `PORTREVISION`

- `PORTEPOCH`

- `CATEGORIES`

- `MASTER_SITES`

- `MASTER_SITE_SUBDIR` (deprecated)

- `PKGNAMEPREFIX`

- `PKGNAMESUFFIX`

- `DISTNAME`

- `EXTRACT_SUFX`

- `DISTFILES`

- `DIST_SUBDIR`

- `EXTRACT_ONLY`

| Only one of PORTVERSION and DISTVERSION can be used.

## 15.2. `PATCHFILES` Block

This block is optional. The variables are:

- `PATCH_SITES`

- `PATCHFILES`

- `PATCH_DIST_STRIP`

## 15.3. `MAINTAINER` Block

This block is mandatory. The variables are:

- `MAINTAINER`

- `COMMENT`

## 15.4. `LICENSE` Block

This block is optional, although it is highly recommended. The variables are:

- `LICENSE`

- `LICENSE_COMB`

- `LICENSE_GROUPS` or `LICENSE_GROUPS_NAME`

- `LICENSE_NAME` or `LICENSE_NAME_NAME`

- `LICENSE_TEXT` or `LICENSE_TEXT_NAME`

- `LICENSE_FILE` or `LICENSE_FILE_NAME`

- `LICENSE_PERMS` or `LICENSE_PERMS_NAME_`

- `LICENSE_DISTFILES` or `LICENSE_DISTFILES_NAME`

If there are multiple licenses, sort the different LICENSE_VAR_NAME variables by license name.

## 15.5. Generic `BROKEN`/`IGNORE`/`DEPRECATED` Messages

This block is optional. The variables are:

- `DEPRECATED`

- `EXPIRATION_DATE`

- `FORBIDDEN`

- `BROKEN`

- `BROKEN_*`

- `IGNORE`

- `IGNORE_*`

- `ONLY_FOR_ARCHS`

- `ONLY_FOR_ARCHS_REASON*`

- `NOT_FOR_ARCHS`

- `NOT_FOR_ARCHS_REASON*`

| `BROKEN_*` and `IGNORE_*` can be any generic variables, for example, `IGNORE_amd64`, `BROKEN_FreeBSD_10`, etc. With the exception of variables that depend on a `USES`, place those in `USES` and `USE_x`. For instance, `IGNORE_WITH_PHP` only works if `php` is set, and `BROKEN_SSL` only if `ssl` is set. If the port is marked BROKEN when some conditions are met, and such conditions can only be tested after including bsd.port.options.mk or bsd.port.pre.mk, then those variables should be set later, in The Rest of the Variables.

## 15.6. The Dependencies Block

This block is optional. The variables are:

- `FETCH_DEPENDS`

- `EXTRACT_DEPENDS`

- `PATCH_DEPENDS`

- `BUILD_DEPENDS`

- `LIB_DEPENDS`

- `RUN_DEPENDS`

- `TEST_DEPENDS`

## 15.7. Flavors

This block is optional.

Start this section with defining `FLAVORS`. Continue with the possible Flavors helpers. See Using FLAVORS for more Information.

Constructs setting variables not available as helpers using `.if ${FLAVOR:U} == foo` should go in their respective sections below.

## 15.8. `USES` and `USE_x`

Start this section with defining `USES`, and then possible `USE_x`.

Keep related variables close together. For example, if using `USE_GITHUB`, always put the `GH_*` variables right after it.

## 15.9. Standard bsd.port.mk Variables

This section block is for variables that can be defined in bsd.port.mk that do not belong in any of the previous section blocks.

Order is not important, however try to keep similar variables together. For example uid and gid variables `USERS` and `GROUPS`. Configuration variables `CONFIGURE_*` and `*_CONFIGURE`. List of files, and directories `PORTDOCS` and `PORTEXAMPLES`.

## 15.10. Options and Helpers

If the port uses the options framework, define `OPTIONS_DEFINE` and `OPTIONS_DEFAULT` first, then the other `OPTIONS_*` variables first, then the `*_DESC` descriptions, then the options helpers. Try and sort all of those alphabetically.

例 1. Options Variables Order Example

The `FOO` and `BAR` options do not have a standard description, so one need to be written. The other options already have one in Mk/bsd.options.desc.mk so writing one is not needed. The `DOCS` and `EXAMPLES` use target helpers to install their files, they are shown here for completeness, though they belong in The Targets, so other variables and targets could be inserted before them.

    OPTIONS_DEFINE=	DOCS EXAMPLES FOO BAR
    OPTIONS_DEFAULT=	FOO
    OPTIONS_RADIO=	SSL
    OPTIONS_RADIO_SSL=    OPENSSL GNUTLS
    OPTIONS_SUB=	yes

    BAR_DESC=		Enable bar support
    FOO_DESC=		Enable foo support

    BAR_CONFIGURE_WITH=	bar=${LOCALBASE}
    FOO_CONFIGURE_ENABLE=	foo
    GNUTLS_CONFIGURE_ON=	--with-ssl=gnutls
    OPENSSL_CONFIGURE_ON=	--with-ssl=openssl

    post-install-DOCS-on:
          ${MKDIR} ${STAGEDIR}${DOCSDIR}
          cd ${WRKSRC}/doc && ${COPYTREE_SHARE} . ${STAGEDIR}${DOCSDIR}

    post-install-EXAMPLES-on:
          ${MKDIR} ${STAGEDIR}${EXAMPLESDIR}
          cd ${WRKSRC}/ex && ${COPYTREE_SHARE} . ${STAGEDIR}${EXAMPLESDIR}

## 15.11. The Rest of the Variables

And then, the rest of the variables that are not mentioned in the previous blocks.

## 15.12. The Targets

After all the variables are defined, the optional make(1) targets can be defined. Keep `pre-` before `post-` and in the same order as the different stages run:

- `fetch`

- `extract`

- `patch`

- `configure`

- `build`

- `install`

- `test`

| When using options helpers target keep them alphabetically sorted, but keep the `-on` before the ```-off`. When also using the main target, keep the main target before the optional ones:
    post-install:
    	# install generic bits

    post-install-DOCS-on:
    	# Install documentation

    post-install-X11-on:
    	# Install X11 related bits

    post-install-X11-off:
    	# Install bits that should be there if X11 is disabled

最後修改於: March 9, 2024 由 Danilo G. Baio

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